When the cup is relatively large, the suspicion of glaucoma increases. The cup is the central portion of the optic nerve, and it is generally quite small relative to the nerve’s overall size. In glaucoma, the optic nerve shows changes in its cup size. Glaucoma is often (but not always) associated with increased eye pressure. The most common group of diseases that affects the optic nerve is glaucoma. Many different diseases can affect the macula. Many different diseases can affect the retina. The appearance of new floaters warrants a dilated fundus exam. Floaters can be a harmless nuisance, or a symptom of a more serious eye condition. The vitreous can develop floaters, which look like spots, threads, squiggles, or cobwebs in one’s vision. Once cataracts are having a significant impact on vision, surgical intervention is recommended. One may develop a single type of cataract, or a combination of the various types. There are various types of cataracts, which progress at different rates. Cataracts are a clouding of the lens that develops with age, causing increasing glare and a decline in the clarity of vision. The crystalline lens, often referred to as the lens, is where cataracts develop. What diseases does a dilated fundus exam show?Ĭrystalline lens disorders. The optic nerve is a cable that transmits signals from the retina to the brain to allow for vision. The macula is densely packed with cones, providing sharp vision. Whenever we look at something, we’re aligning our macula to that target. It provides clear and detailed central vision. Although small, the macula serves a very important role. The macula describes a distinct central portion of the retina. If the eye were a camera, the retina would serve as the film. This layer of cells detects light and transmits these signals to the brain via the optic nerve. This is where light-sensing rods and cones are found. The retina is the tissue that lines the back wall inside the eye. The vitreous is the clear jelly-like fluid that fills the inside of the eyeball. With age, the crystalline lens loses its flexibility, making it more difficult to see things up close. Early in life, the crystalline lens enables you to focus on nearby objects. What structures are visualized in a dilated fundus exam?Ĭrystalline lens.The crystalline lens is the clear lens located behind the iris in the eye. These structures are difficult to visualize without pupil dilation. The fundus is the interior surface of the eye, including the retina, macula, and optic nerve. Normal pupil size is too small to allow for a sufficient look at all the structures inside the eyes. By pharmacologically enlarging your pupil size, the eye doctor can get a better view into your eyes. The term dilated fundus exam describes a procedure that’s done as part of an eye examination.ĭilation refers to the use of eye drops to open up the pupils. In order to properly screen for diseases like glaucoma, macular degeneration, and retinal detachment, a dilated fundus exam is necessary.
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